Water - Spiritual - the outer whorl of sepals

© AHD: 3RD ED ecomony¹- Middle English yconomye, management of a household, from Latin oeconomia, from Greek oikonomia, from oikonomos, one who manages a household : oikos, house, weik-¹- mensa (47) + nemein, to allot, manage, (see nem-. to assign, allot; also to take)

Native plant medicine from the four directions: (icon © unknown) © The Cherokee Herbal, J. T. Garrett, Chapter Five, Plant Medicines of the South : Betony, Calamondin tree, Daphne, Daikon, Elephant's foot, Germander2, Holly tree,  Jewelweed,  Jojoba, Lady's slipper, Maté tree,  Oca, Pennyroyal,  Soapwort, Wild carrot

  Bamboo briar ( Similax laurifolia and S. pseudochina ), roots and bark used as wash for burns, also called "bullgrip", astringent, "devil's clothesline"
  Bearsfoot ( Polymnia uvedalia ), leapcup, used for brusies, cuts, burns, inflammation, rheumatism, and swelling, used with twinleaf and dwarf iris for cancer treatment

  Bee tree (see Basswood), earth

  Beet ( Beta vulgaris ), poultice with wilted leaves for sores, drying boils, "water plant", blood problems

Betony ( genus Stachys ) mint family; European native having spikes of usually reddish-purple flowers often used in herbal medicine, also called generally as woundwort, lousewort, Middle English, from Old French betoine, from Medieval Latin betōnia, both from Latin vettōnica, probably from Vettōnēs, an ancient Iberian tribe   Wood betony ( Stachys officinalis ), used as astringent on cuts and wounds; mouthwash;   Woundwort ( Stachys palustris ) Cherokee named "all-heal", used in female health concerns and birthing; disinfectant, skin problems, joint pain   Lousewort ( Pedicularis canadensis ) used with lobelia to dress sores; elders state "relaxed the inners"; clusters of irregular, variously colored flowers, also called wood betony, (from the strange belief that sheep feeding on it were prone to lice) -stacte- a sweet spice used by the ancient Jews in making incense, Middle English stacten, myrrh resin, from Latin stactē, from Greek staktē, from feminine of staktos, oozing, from stazein, stag-, to ooze

  Birch tree ( Betula pendula and B. nigra ), including river birch, all varieties were used for cuts, scratches, warts, and wounds; early Cherokee hot-cold drink preparation; another variety ( B. paprifer ) used for sugar like the maple tree; ( B. nigra ) native to Southeast; birch bark used for treating warts, viral relief; presence of betulin, and betulinic acid, bark contain ( salicylates: FDA approved ) see the Tree of Eternal Life

Calamondin tree ( xCitrofortunella mitis ) evergreen displaying a glossy foliage and ornamental sour fruits resembling a tangerine that is used for flavorings, sauces, and marmalades, from Tagalog kalamunding

  Castor or mole bean ( Ricinus communis ), mole bean poultice for warts, "learned from the brown people of the south", animal repellant

Daikon ( Raphanus sativus  var. longipinnatus ) herbal  Japanese white radish having a long root that is eaten raw, pickled, or cooked, also called Chinese radish, Japanese radish, Oriental radish, Japanese : dai, big + kon, root

Daphne genus Daphne, Eurasian shrub with glossy evergreen foliage and clusters, of small, bell-shaped flowers; Greek Mythology: nymph who metamorphosed into a laurel tree as a means of escaping Apollo

  Dogbane common ( Apocynum androsaemilfolium ), external use, mange, "old formula for those who acted crazy"
   Dog fennel ( Athemis cotula ), wild chamomile, rheumatism, drawing blisters, "Mayweed", "fevers of the skin"
  Dog hobble ( Leucothoe axillaris ), rheumatism, gift from eastern tribes

  Greenbrier ( Similax rotundifolia ), also bullgrip, used for twitches, cramps, and even ballplayers

Germander²- any of the various usually aromatic plants of the genus Teucrium, with purplish or reddish flowers; herbaceous perennial;  Middle English germandre, from Old French germandree, alteration of Medieval Latin germandrea, from Late Greek khamandrua, from Greek khamaidrus : khamai, on the ground, see dhghem- copula (48) + drus, oak, see deru-; truth, shelter, pitch, dura mater, broadleaf* (herbal use may be suppressed)

Holly tree ( Ilex opaca ), used to scratch cramped muscles, special uses "scratching", rheumatism; plant displays numerous bright red berries; glossy evergreen leaves with spiny margins, Middle English holin, holi, from Old English holen hollyhock ( Alcea rosea ) tall native plant in middle eastern U.S. having showy clusters of very large, variously colored flowers, also called althea, Middle English holihocke, marsh mallow : holi : holy, see HOLY + hoc, mallow (from Old English) marsh mallow ( Althaea officinalis ) perennial plant native to Europe; naturalized in marsh areas of U.S. having showy pink flowers and a mucilaginous root occasionally used as a demulcent althea, also althaea, see rose of Sharon (sense 1) Latin mallows, from Greek althaia, from althainein, to heal, see root al-2-; elder, alto, proletarian; aerenchyma* Rose of Sharon ( Hibiscus syiacus ) eastern Asian tree or shrub having large redddish, purple, or white flowers and coarsely toothed leaves, and ( Hypericum calycinum ) Eurasian evergreen having oblong leaves and yellow flowers, also called Aaron's beard;  elder brother of Moses, Aaron's rod is an architectural design of leaves, scrolls, or a twined serpent ( © AHD: 3RD ED )

  Horsetail ( Equisetum arvense ), shave grass, used with goldenseal for skin problems, and spearmint ( Mentha spicata ), for itch
  Itchweed ( Aminathium muscaetoxicum ), fly poison, used in treating toe or foot itch, used as repellant

  Jewelweed ( Impatiens capenis or biflora ), touch-me-not, used to treat rash from poison ivy, insect stings, ("joi weed"; Garrett's daughter), seeds with a purpose, snap out of shell quickly; yellowish, spurred flowers and seed pods that dehisce into five values when mature, also called balsam, see air ( © AHD: 3RD ED )

Jojoba ( Simmindsia chinensis ) dioecious shrub found in southwest U.S. and northern Mexico, having opposite, leathery leaves and seeds providing a valuable and undigestible oil (liquid wax) with healing properties, good shelf-life, and the possibility of uses related to fuel, from American Spanish ( © AHD: 3RD ED )

Lady's slipper ( Cypripedium calceolus ), U tsu wodi, moccasin flower, one of the oldest plants in Cherokee formulas for nerve conditions, particularly females seeking strength from childbirth, "nerve root", orchid family, dried rhizomes used during birthing, also used as sedative, (protected plant) -Cypripedium- genus Cypripedium, Latin Cypripedium, genus name : Late Latin Cypris, Venus (from Greek Kupris, Aphrodite, from Kurpros, Cyprus, legendary place of Aphrodite) + New Latin -pedium (alteration of Greek pedilon, sandal, see root ped-; Apus, octopus2, grass family* (plumbago) Cytherea- (god of love and beauty) Aphrodite ( Argynnis aphrodite ) of North America; brightly colored butterfly Apus- constellation in Southern Hemisphere near Musca and Pavo, Latin apus, a kind of swallow, from Greek apous, without feet, sand martin : a-, without + pous, foot

  Lady's thumb ( Polygonum  persicaria ), knotweed, heartweed, crushed leaves used for various purposes, wounds, bruises, and cuts
  Lily, Swamp ( Heteranthera reniformis ), mud plantain, used for sores, wounds, ulcers, "special medicine for healing spirit"

Maté tree  ( Ilex paraguariensis ) South American evergreen widely used for its leaves, which are used for tea preparations, also called paraguay tea, yerba maté, American Spanish, from Quechua mate, hollow gourd used as a bowl or container for brewing yerba maté : yerba, herb + mate, maté
-yerba buena- ( Satureja douglasii ) mint family; having crenate opposite leaves and white or purple axillary flowers, Spanish yerba, herb + beuna, good

Oca ( Oxalis tuberosa ) perennial plant of the high Andes, grown for its edible tubers, Spanish, possibly from Quechua oqa; also see ocarina, Italian from dialectal ucarenna, diminutive of Italian oca, goose (from the fact that its mouthpiece is shaped like a goose's beak), from Vulgar Latin *auca, from *avica, from Latin avis, bird, see awi- apollo (39)

  Pawpaw ( Asimina triloba ), head lice, several mixtures

  Pennyroyal ( Mentha pulegium ), crushed leaves used for poultice for various pains and ailments; "used to keep the peasants and pesty away in the old days", good insect repellant, see other ( Hedeoma pulegoides and H. hispida ), Eastern North America pennyroyal on earth;
Eurasian mint- having small lilac-blue flowers and ovate or nearly bicular leaves that yield a useful, aromatic oil, (probably from folk etymology from Middle English puliol real, from Anglo-Norman : puliol, thyme (from Latin pūlegium) + real, royal (from Latin regālis; see regal) ( © AHD: 3RD ED )

  Phacelia common ( Phacelia purshii ), swollen joints, cooking green
   Rhododendron ( Rhododendron maximum and R. catwabiense), great laurel, pain poultices, special remedies
  Shinleaf ( Pyrola elliptica and P. rotundifolia ), wild-lily-of-the-valley, astringent, mouthwashes, vaginal douches, good healing agent